Pivoted core solenoids



Aug. 29, 1961 F. c. MOON EIAL 2,998,553

PIVOTED CORE SOLENOIDS Filed Sept. 4, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS FRED c. MOON y RAYMOND W. BUYER AHus United States Patent 2,998,553 PIVOTED CORE SOLENOIDS Frederick C. Moon and Raymond W. Boyer, Dayton, @hio, assignors to Royal Electric, Inc., Xenia, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Filed Sept. 4, 1956, Ser. No. 607,678 8 Claims. (Cl. 317-198) The present invention relates to pivoted core solenoids and has for an object to provide a solenoid the plunger or core of which is hinged to import a rocking or rotary motion to its support member as distinguished from the rectilenear path of a conventional solenoid.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a solenoid of the character described which makes maximum utilization of the magnetic field surrounding a coil energized for purposes of operating an eleotromagnet or solenoid.

It has been heretofore proposed to hinge solenoid cores as shown in the Bachi Patent No. 2,692,965 and the Bachi et al. Patent 2,738,451. However, this hinged core operation does not make maximum utilization of the field surrounding the electrically energized coil. The maximum reluctance in a magnetic circuit is an air gap and in the above described patents there is no soft iron or laminated path for returning the lines of flux. By constructing the solenoid in accordance with the present invention, magnetically permeable material surrounds the coil and imparts a greater sucking efiect and a greater holding effect on the core within the coil.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

in the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding parts throughout the several views:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a pivoted core solenoid constructed in accordance with the present invention in the energized position.

FIGURE 2 is a View similar to FIGURE 1 with the coil de-energized and the core retracted.

FIGURE 3 is an exploded perspective view of a pivoted core solenoid constructed in accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 4 is a side elevational view of the core or armature of a solenoid constructed in accordance with the present invention. c

FIGURE 5 is a side elevational view of the stator of a pivoted core solenoid constructed in accordance with the present invention.

FIGURE 6 is an end elevational view taken from the right hand end of FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 7 is an end elevational view taken from the right hand end of FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 8 is a top plan view of the coil support employed in the present invention.

FIGURE 9 is a side elevational view of the coil and support employed with the present invention.

FIGURE 10 is a schematic of the magnetic circuitry conventional in the prior art.

Referring more particularly to the drawings and for the moment to FIGURES 3 and 4, 20 designates generally an F-shaped pivoted core construction for the solenoid. 21 designates a substantially E-shaped stator for the solenoid of the present invention which is held in place at its desired point of use by two suitable frame members 22, 23. The core 20 is hinged for rotary action by a shaft 24 passing through bearings 25 in the support plates 22, 23. The electromagnetic coil for operating the solenoid is designated at 26.

Now referring to FIGURE 4, the armature is of a sub- 2,998,553 Patented Aug. 29, 1961 "ice stantially F-shaped construction having a standard 27, an upper arm 23 and a lower arm 23*. At the free end of the upper arm 28 a bore 30 passes therethrough and is pro: vided a flat 31 cooperating with the complemental construction of the shaft 24 whereby upon rotation of the armature the shaft will be compelled to rotate. The lower arm 29 is provided with an arcuate recess 32 which cooperates with the opening of the coil. The armature is composed of laminated sheet plates retained in assembled relationship.

The stator designated generally as 21 is substantially E-shaped having an upper arm 34 and intermediate arm 35 and a lower arm 36. The upper arm 34 is provided with a concavity 37 which cooperates with the free end of the upper arm 28 of the armature 24]. The free end of this upper arm 34 carries a shading pole 38. The free end of the lower arm 36 carries a shading pole 39. The shading poles are for obviating or reducing vibration between the parts of the magnet core and stator which effects displacement of the phase of a portion of the flux between the magnet pole pieces with respect to the remainder of the flux so that reversals of polarity of the two positions of the flux shall occur dissimultaneously. This also eliminates the chatter effect of the core when being used with alternating current and gives a better hold in effect when energized.

As seen in FIGURES 6 and 7, both the armature and stator are of laminated sheet construction retained in place as by rivets 33.

A pair of insulating blocks 4%) rests between the upper and intermediate arm and the intermediate arm 35 and lower arm 36. These blocks are employed to maintain the coil above the intermediate arm .35 of the stator whereby to impart a greater pulling effect upon the arm 29 of the armature.

The coil 26 consists of a plastic form 27 about which is wrapped in coil form the conductor 28* through which the current is passed to create the magnetic field.

The support plates 22, 23 are provided with flanges 22A and 23A for securing the unit to the desired surface.

As shown in FIGURE 2, a spring 41 has one end connected to an abutment and the other end connected proximate the free end of the armature to inherently bias the core or the armature to the open position.

As shown in FIGURE 1 the coil has been energized sucking the arm 29 of the armature core within the coil 26 and closing the magnetic circuit through paths 29, 28, 34, 35 and also through paths 27 36 through the standard 21A, intermediate arm 35 back through the core 29. When the current has been cut off from the coil 26 the distended spring 41 will inherently tend to return to the position of FIGURE 2, thereby opening the magnetic circuit and rotating the shaft.

As heretofore described generally the prior art magnetic circuitry is that shown in FIGURE 10 in which one-half of the magnetic circuitry is being lost in that its maximum reluctance is passing through air and the full holding and sucking effect is not utilized as is done in the present invention. The combination of an E and F-shaped stator and armature member make maximum utilization of the magnetic circuitry involved in a solenoid construction.

Although we have disclosed herein the best form of the invention known to us at this time, we reserve the right to all such modifications and changes as may come within the scope of the following claims.

What we claim is:

l. A pivoted core solenoid comprising an electromagnetic coii, a stator of magnetic material having at least two arms embracing and lying outside the electromagnetic coil, an armature of magnetic material having at least two spaced apart arms one of which is shorter than the other, said shorter arm being in physical contact with one of the arms of said stator, means for pivoting the armature to the stator, said longer arm being positioned for entry into said coil upon pivotal motion of said armature towards said stator, said armature having a free end thereof extending beyond said longer arm and engaging the other arm of said stator upon said pivotal movement of said armature, whereby to complete the electromagnetic flux path on the side of said coil remote from the armature pivot.

2. A pivoted core solenoid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the Wall of the long arm of said armature has an arcuate recess the radius of the arc of which originates at the axis of pivot of the shorter arm of said armature.

3. A pivoted core solenoid as claimed in claim 1 wherein a form aboutJwhich the electromagnetic coil is carried is provided with an opening through which the long arm of the armature is received and which is of substantially complemental cross section with the long arm of said armature.

4. A pivoted core solenoid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the armature is generally of F-shape having its end arm shorter than the intermediate arm.

5. A pivoted core solenoid as claimed in claim 1 wherein the means for pivoting the armature is a shaft secured to the armature for rotation therewith and extending beyond the width of said solenoid.

6. A pivoted core solenoid as claimed in claim 1 wherein said stator is substantially E-shaped having one end arm shorter than the other end arm.

7. A pivoted core solenoid comprising an electromagnetic coil, a stator of magnetic material having at least two arms embracing and lying outside said electromagnetic coil, a pivotally mounted armature of magnetic material having at least two spaced-apart arms, one of which is shorter than the other, said shorter arm engaging one of said stator arms in pivotal relation with respect thereto, the longer arm of said armature being movable into and out of said coil upon pivotal movement of said shorter arm, means for normally retaining said armature in an outwardly pivotal position whereby said longer arm is withdrawn from said coil, the end of said armature remote from said short arm engaging the other stator arm to complete the magnetic circuit between said stator and armature upon energization of said coil and consequent entry of said longer arm therein, and a shaft associated with said shorter arm and adapted to be rotated on pivotal movement of said armature.

8. A pivoted core solenoid as set forth in claim 7, said retaining means comprising a spring engaging said armature adjacent the end remote from said shorter arm.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,896,904 Laven Feb. 7, 1933 2,454,788 Frese Nov. 30, 1948 2,692,965 Bachi Oct. 26, 1954 2,738,451 Bachi et a1 Mar. 13, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 469,313 Germany Dec. 12, 1928 322,065 Italy Oct. 26, 1934 949,797 France Sept. 8, 1949 

